Kava: Side Effects and Health Risks

Kava, a popular herbal remedy traditionally used by Pacific Islanders, is gaining global attention for its ability to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation. But more people are using kava products like supplements and tea, which has led to worries about possible side effects and health risks. Understanding these risks is important for anyone considering it a dietary supplement or herbal remedy.

What Is Kava?

Piper methysticum, commonly known as kava, is a plant from the South Pacific. Its roots are traditionally used to prepare a ceremonial drink known for its calming effects.

This drink is important to Pacific Islanders’ culture. They often drink it at social events and religious ceremonies.

Recently, it has become popular worldwide, especially in the United States. It is known for its ability to treat anxiety and reduce stress.

Preparing kava involves grinding the roots into a fine powder, which is then mixed with water to create a drink. This drink is often consumed in kava bars, which have become trendy in many urban areas. Its calming effects are attributed to kavalactones, the active compounds found in the plant. These compounds interact with the central nervous system, producing a sedative effect without impairing cognitive functions.

In traditional settings, kava is often accompanied by rituals and customs highlighting its cultural significance. Pacific Island cultures have various methods of preparing and consuming food. The main objective is to unite people and create a sense of relaxation. Kava’s cultural heritage has helped it spread worldwide as people want to enjoy the special benefits of this old plant.

Is Kava a Drug?

Kava is classified as a dietary supplement in many parts of the world, including the United States. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not regulate it as a prescription drug. However, due to its psychoactive properties, it is often considered an herbal drug.

The plant’s active compounds are called kavalactones. They work with the brain in a similar way to anti-anxiety medications. This helps to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation.

The classification of kava varies by country. In some places, it is regulated strictly due to concerns about its potential health risks. For instance, countries like Germany and Canada have issued warnings or restrictions on kava products due to reports of severe liver damage. Despite these concerns, kava remains a popular choice for those seeking natural remedies for anxiety and stress.

Kava’s effects vary based on dosage. Higher doses can lead to stronger sedative and euphoric effects. This has caused people to use it for fun in some places, making it hard to tell if it’s a supplement or a drug.

When used responsibly, it is generally safe. However, we should carefully consider the potential for abuse and health risks.

Is Kava Addictive?

There is ongoing debate about whether kava is addictive. Kava is not as addictive as nicotine or caffeine. However, some people may become psychologically dependent on it if they drink it frequently.

Regularly using it for anxiety relief can cause dependence on its calming effects. This can make it hard to quit without experiencing withdrawal symptoms.

Studies on the addictive potential of kava are limited. Informal evidence shows that people who use it for a long time may crave it and have withdrawal symptoms like other drugs. Symptoms of kava withdrawal can include anxiety, stress-induced insomnia, and irritability. Users should be aware of the risks and use it in moderation to avoid becoming dependent.

When used often, some users may require a higher dosage of the substance to experience the same calming effects. This can lead to psychological dependence. This can lead to higher consumption rates and an increased risk of adverse health effects. Awareness and education about the responsible use of kava are crucial in preventing abuse and dependence.

Kava Side Effects

The side effects of kava can vary from mild to severe. Short-term side effects may include dizziness, drowsiness, and gastrointestinal issues such as nausea and diarrhea. Long-term consumption of kava, especially in large quantities, has been linked to more serious side effects, including:

• Skin Changes: Chronic kava use can cause a condition known as “kava dermopathy,” which results in dry, scaly skin. This condition causes yellowing of the skin, especially on the palms and soles, which may look like jaundice.
• Liver Damage: There have been numerous reports of kava-related liver problems, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver failure. The potential liver damage associated with kava has led to bans and restrictions in several countries. The exact way kava affects the liver is not fully known. Some believe that certain compounds in kava could interfere with liver enzymes, leading to toxicity.
• Cognitive Impairment: High doses of kava may affect cognitive functions, leading to issues with memory and concentration. Users have reported feeling lethargic and experiencing difficulty focusing after consuming large amounts of kava.

Other side effects may include headaches, visual disturbances, and muscle weakness. These side effects are typically dose-related and more likely to occur with high consumption levels. Users should start with small doses and gradually increase them while watching for negative reactions.

Kava Health Risks

The health risks associated with kava consumption are primarily related to its impact on the liver. Clinical trials and case reports have highlighted the potential liver damage that can occur with regular or high-dose use. These risks have led to warnings from health authorities, including the FDA, about its safety. Some of the key health risks include:

• Risk of liver disease: Regular consumption of kava can increase the risk of developing liver disease, especially in individuals with pre-existing liver conditions. The risk of liver disease is particularly concerning for those who consume kava in large quantities or over extended periods.
• Liver problems: Kava can cause liver inflammation, leading to conditions like hepatitis and cirrhosis. In severe cases, liver damage may be irreversible and require a liver transplant. Symptoms of liver damage can include jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain.
• Interactions with medications: Kava can interact with various medications, including those metabolized by the liver, potentially increasing the risk of adverse effects. Kava can make alcohol and other depressants more powerful, which can lead to more accidents and injuries.

Other health risks may involve changes in motor skills and coordination, making accidents more likely. Health experts advise pregnant and breastfeeding women to avoid kava because it may pose risks to the fetus and infant. Still, people who have previously suffered from liver disease or are currently on medications that impact the liver should seek advice from their healthcare professional before using kava.

How Much Kava Is Bad for You?

Determining a safe amount of kava consumption is challenging due to variations in kava products and individual tolerance levels. Generally, it is advised to limit intake to prevent potential side effects and health risks.

The safe dosage of kava is often measured in milligrams of kavalactones. Most health experts recommend not exceeding 250 milligrams of kavalactones per day. Long-term use should be avoided to minimize the risk of liver damage and other health issues.

Kava products can vary in strength, so it’s hard to know how much to take. Users should read product labels and talk to healthcare providers to find the right dosage for their health needs. Additionally, taking regular breaks from kava use can help reduce the risk of developing tolerance and dependence.

If you’re new to kava, start with a small amount and slowly increase it while watching for any negative reactions. Tracking the amount and frequency of consumption can help prevent overuse and mitigate the associated health risks. Education on responsible use and adherence to recommended guidelines are key to safely enjoying the benefits of kava.

Treatment for Kava Addiction

If you or someone you know is struggling with kava addiction and abuse, seeking professional help is essential. White Oak Recovery provides compassionate, evidence-based addiction treatment with medical detox and dual diagnosis for co-occurring mental health conditions.

Overcoming substance use is possible, and effective treatment is available. Reach out to speak with one of our caring treatment specialists today. Start your path to a life rooted in recovery.